Gynecomastia is the enlargement of the male breast beyond normal. 

Breast tissue growth most commonly occurs during adolescence. During puberty, 60-70% of boys experience breast enlargement, but this is not at a remarkable level. It disappears within 6 to 18 months and the breast returns to its normal size. For some adolescents, the expected normalization does not occur and it poses a cosmetic problem for male adolescents.

The causes of gynecomastia seen in adults are hormonal imbalances that often develop in the form of an increase in the female hormone (estrogen) or a decrease in the male hormone (androgen). Hormone medications taken, tumors of endocrine origin, and testicular development disorders are other causes of gynecomastia.  20% of alcoholic men may have gynecomastia. However, in many cases of gynecomastia, no explanatory cause can be found.

In patients presenting with breast enlargement (gynecomastia), examination and, if necessary, radiological examination with mammography and/or sonography are performed. The aim of these examinations is to clarify whether there is a tumoral condition that may underlie the breast enlargement, and if there is no tumoral condition, to understand whether breast enlargement is caused only by the increase in fatty tissue or by the increase in the lactating parenchymal tissue of the breast. While treatment with liposuction comes to the fore only in cases where the increase in fatty tissue is at the forefront, in cases where there is an increase in breast tissue, breast tissue is also removed.